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This brief highlights nine key findings emerging from the project based on conducted research and the partner cities’ experiences as a basis for policy- and decision-makers, as well as administrative staff. The lessons learned around enhancing policy coherence in urban ecosystem restoration, rehabilitation, and green space planning are applicable across INTERLACE cities and globally.

Implementing nature-based solutions (NbS) is crucial in addressing concrete environmental and climate challenges in Krakow Metropolis (KM), such as urban flooding, urban heat island effect, and biodiversity loss. Green infrastructure interventions, such as green roofs, pocket parks, and permeable pavements, can help mitigate these challenges. Krakow Metropolis Association has set ambitious goals to combat climate change in its Krakow Metropolis 2030 Strategy and Climate Strategy of Krakow Metropolis. It has been developing governance instruments to support the implementation of NbS.